NBRC Registered Respiratory Therapist – Neonatal/Pediatric Specialty (RRT-NPS) Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• An unstable fetal scalp pH is defined as which value?
• Which statement best describes HLHS?
• Which statement about Hb F is true?
• During management of severe airway obstruction in an infant, which action is performed first?
• Which is a physiologic effect of inhaled nitric oxide?
• Normal static lung compliance for a full-term > 8 hr old infant is?
• How can auto PEEP be treated?
• What is the normal range for cardiac index (CI)?
• During a pneumogram, which parameter is tracked along with respiratory movement, heart rate, and SpO2?
• What RSBI value is generally considered favorable for weaning readiness?
• Which of the following is the commonly used short-cut formula for estimating PAO2?
• What is considered a normal AFP value?
• Ti equals what in terms of TCT and the sum I + E?
• What does bubbling in the water seal bottle indicate?
• Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is best described as an opening between the ventricles.
• What is the normal pediatric range for albumin?
• Which ECMO configuration provides support for pulmonary gas exchange only?
• Which measurement reflects left atrial pressure?
• Normal neonatal white blood cell range includes which of the following?
• Which of the following is a classic radiographic finding in transposition of the great arteries?
• Which statement is true regarding a decrease in FENO?
• What does bilateral hyperlucency during chest illumination indicate?
• Which value is within the normal neonatal Hb range?
• Which organisms are commonly implicated in early onset neonatal pneumonia?
• In the tubing/compliance context, which term represents the numerator?
• What is the target SpO2 for a newborn at 10 minutes of life?
• What flow-volume loop pattern is typically seen in restrictive disease?
• Phosphatidylglycerol would be present in immature or mature lungs?
• What is the actual flow formula for heliox?
• Tetralogy of Fallot involves what type of shunt?
• In ECMO, where is the venous cannula typically placed?
• What is a key consideration when balancing blood flow in truncus arteriosus?
• Where is a chest tube placed for a pneumothorax?
• Which parameter is included on the calculation sheet as a gas exchange variable?
• If a patient is ventilating but not oxygenating well, this most likely indicates which problem?
• Which treatments are used for PIE?
• What is a positive shake test?
• What is the factor for 70/30 Heliox?
• In inverse ratio ventilation (IRV), which combination indicates the need for IRV?
• Which SALSA criteria indicate intermittent asthma?
• In the MR. SOPA mnemonic, what does the letter A stand for?
• Which adjustment helps reduce auto PEEP by allowing longer expiratory time?
• Which expression is not part of the dynamic compliance formula?
• Total cycle time is calculated as?
• In intrapartum fetal monitoring, which value would indicate a stable scalp condition?
• What does RACE stand for?
• What can bounding pulses indicate?
• MEP stands for what?
• Normal neonatal HCO3- (bicarbonate) range?
• In patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which of the following is true about shunting and pressures?
• Which of the following best describes the management of AVSD?
• LBC stands for which of the following?
• Which of the following is a listed ARDS cause in the source?
• FENO stands for which of the following?
• Which intervention is recommended for a child with a severe large airway obstruction who is conscious?
• What equation gives flow required for a given tidal volume and inspiratory time?
• Which radiographic finding is classically associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?
• In TAPVR, to what structure do the pulmonary veins connect?
• Normal neonatal chloride range?
• Which statement describes the correct PASS sequence?
• Which nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker is commonly used for rapid sequence intubation due to rapid onset?
• Which parameter indicates expiratory muscle strength?
• Which items are included on the standard respiratory care calculation reference sheet?
• To balance blood flow in truncus arteriosus, the following gas targets are used:
• Which value falls within the normal pediatric white blood cell count?
• Which of the following best represents the ARDS treatment strategy?
• Which ventilator triggering system is most sensitive?
• What does TTN stand for in neonatal respiratory care?
• IPPB is indicated to prevent atelectasis in patients who are unable to take a deep breath or follow instructions.
• A deadspace to tidal volume ratio exceeding which value is considered unacceptable?
• Which ECMO configuration supports only the pulmonary system?
• Polyhydramnios indicates which diseases?
• Which of the following is a common presentation of meconium aspiration?
• How do you fix a beak wave form on the ventilator?
• What is a Bodai adapter?
• How many attempts can a NPS make to intubate?
• What is part of the initial treatment for meconium aspiration?
• In HLHS, which ventricle supports systemic circulation?
• Potter's syndrome description?
• What is the recommended tidal volume for children?
• In an infant, apnea is defined as a pause in breathing longer than how many seconds?
• Late onset neonatal pneumonia is commonly caused by which organisms?
• What are the clinical presentations of Pierre Robin?
• The Dubowitz score is used to indicate which aspect of a newborn?
• Which condition is most commonly treated with surfactant therapy?
• What is extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal?
• A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L in a neonate is best described as:
• Lamellar Body Counts measurement is used to assess which aspect of lung development?
• In the Vd/Vt equation, what does PECO2 represent?
• Which item is listed as a cause of ARDS related to transfusion?
• Which parameter is cardiac output adjusted for body size?
• What is the normal pediatric chloride range?
• ACT stands for what in respiratory care?
• Which diagnostic test is commonly used to evaluate suspected pulmonary embolism?
• Which of the following is a common airway management option for Pierre Robin patients?
• What is the most common type of Hb in neonates?
• What is the recommended starting PEEP?
• How long is the infant car seat challenge observation?
• In the MR. SOPA mnemonic, what does the letter R stand for?
• Which hematocrit (Hct) value is within the normal pediatric range?
• What is the normal fetal oxygen saturation (FSpO2) range?
• Which treatment is used as a primary pharmacologic therapy for IRDS?
• In the Qs/Qt equation, what does CcO2 represent?
• DiGeorge syndrome is described as?
• What does SALSA stand for in asthma assessment?
• Which type of coarctation is more likely to present with cyanosis?
• What is the corrected tidal volume formula?
• Which parameter is commonly used as a preload indicator to guide fluid therapy?
• After bronchodilator therapy, the normal spirometry result is in which range?
• Early onset neonatal pneumonia is commonly caused by which organisms?
• Cardiac output is double cardiac index in the material. Which of the following options correctly states this relationship?
• What is the correct formula for Vd/Vt expressed as a percentage?
• What is the normal Raw value for airway resistance?
• For patients that weigh more than 20 kg, what power would you start at?
• What is the oxygen index (OI) formula?
• Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is characterized by which hemodynamic change?
• Which statement about HLHS management is true?
• The Vd/Vt ratio represents which physiologic concept?
• What does BPP evaluate?
• Normal AFI range?
• Which chromosome abnormality is linked to DiGeorge syndrome?
• What is the normal neonatal hematocrit (Hct) range?
• What does APGAR stand for in neonatal assessment?
• What is normal Qs/Qt?
• What is the recommended RR for children?
• For neonates weighing less than 2000 g, at what Hz should initiation of high-frequency ventilation typically start?
• Which of the following are clinical presentations of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)?
• A 'boot-shaped' cardiac silhouette on a chest radiograph is most classically associated with which congenital heart defect?
• A decrease in FENO is most consistent with which finding?
• What treatment component is common to mild, moderate, and severe post-extubation management?
• Which of the following is the standard alveolar gas equation to estimate PAO2?
• What does AFP stand for?
• Which spirometry result best identifies obstructive lung disease?
• What does the DOPE mnemonic stand for?
• Which statement correctly identifies the starting settings for high-weight patients as described?
• What is the most accurate way to get a temperature on an infant?
• Which medication is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist commonly used for sedation in ventilated patients?
• What does a high Silverman Anderson score indicate?
• Which of the following represents the normal diastolic BP for a 7-year-old?
• Which catheter tip is recommended to suction the left mainstem bronchus?
• BPP stands for?
• Normal neonatal creatinine range?
• A positive bronchial provocation test (methacholine challenge) is defined as what percent decrease in FEV1?
• Where is a chest tube placed to drain fluid?
• TAPVR stands for?
• Why would you do a LBC test?
• What is the normal neonatal urine output?
• Normal systolic BP for a 1-year-old child?
• Transposition of the great arteries presents with:
• Which statement best describes the purpose of incentive spirometry?
• Dynamic compliance is defined as?
• A drop in which hemodynamic value would indicate the need for fluids?
• IMT training aims to decrease which symptom?
• Which intravenous anesthetic is most commonly used for induction?
• Normal BP for a 1-year-old child? (systolic/diastolic)
• Which symbol represents inspiratory time?
• What is the recommended Ti for infants?
• In PPHN, the direction of the shunt reverses from left-to-right to which direction?
• What is the target SpO2 for a newborn at 3 minutes of life?
• Should bag-mask ventilation be used in a patient with CDH?
• What is the normal percentage of the anatomic (shunt) fraction?
• The presence of alpha fetoprotein in maternal screening is commonly associated with which fetal conditions?
• Which type of bronchoscope has to be used in the OR?
• The A-a gradient is used to assess which physiologic parameter?
• Heliox flow is primarily used to reduce work of breathing in which condition?
• Normal neonatal albumin/globulin ratio?
• What does a pneumogram monitor?
• Which diagnostic test is used to evaluate for cystic fibrosis?
• Which statement best describes esophageal atresia as presented in the material?
• What is the upper limit of the normal cardiac index range?
• Which value is within the normal pediatric glucose range?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the four life functions?
• Which sweat test result would indicate a need to retest for CF?
• What are the two types of coarctation?
• What is the normal neonatal respiratory rate?
• In transposition of the great arteries, which accompanying features are common?
• Which of the following sets includes obstructive airway diseases?
• Passover or wick humidifiers are appropriate for which settings?
• Which of the following advanced therapies may be used for meconium aspiration if needed?
• Which expression correctly defines the Qs/Qt shunt equation?
• Which expression defines expiratory time Te in terms of total cycle time TCT and Ti?
• Te equals?
• In patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which statement best describes its hemodynamics?
• At what age can a Macintosh blade be used?
• Which of the following is the most common congenital heart defect?
• Which clinical scenario most commonly prompts consideration of airway pressure release or inverse ratio strategies?
• Which of the following is an indication for ECMO?
• Which scoring system is specifically used to estimate gestational age in very preterm infants?
• After delivering 5 back blows in an infant with severe airway obstruction, what is the next step?
• When is Silverman Anderson score used?
• An 'egg-shaped' cardiac silhouette on radiography is most commonly associated with which condition?
• Which statement is true about a BPP score below normal?
• Which statement about PDA is false?
• Where is the arterial cannula placed in ECMO?
• An indication for incentive spirometry is to prevent atelectasis.
• When is ECMO indicated for a newborn with PPHN?
• Which ECMO configuration provides support for both pulmonary and cardiac systems?
• In ECMO, where is the arterial cannula typically placed?
• What is a normal static lung compliance in a child?
• Which statement best describes the interpretation of an RDI of 6 in a child under 12?
• Which of the following describes the classic TOF presentation?
• Which statement describes the clinical presentation of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)?
• Which device is used during bronchoscopy to allow positive pressure ventilation?
• In a patient less than 12 yo, what RDI value would indicate a mild disease?
• What is the normal pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) value as listed?
• Which adjustment is NOT recommended for treating auto PEEP?
• Which is a presentation of ASD?
• Normal BP for a 1000g infant?
• Which device is used to deliver ribavirin via SPAG?
• Describe the infant car seat challenge.
• Which of the following is an example of airway clearance therapy?
• What S/A ratio indicates mature lungs?
• What flow-volume loop pattern is typically seen in obstructive disease?
• If CVP and PAP is increased what part of the body has a problem?
• For an arterial line in a neonate weighing more than 1500 g, what catheter size is typically used?
• What is the required calibration accuracy when calibrating a PFT machine?
• VSD stands for?
• Normal BPP score range?
• Which SALSA criteria indicate moderate persistent asthma?
• Which value is within the normal pediatric hematocrit (Hct) range?
• Which value do you compare to calculate the A-a gradient?
• What is the primary management for suspected epiglottitis?
• What Vd/Vt value is generally considered unacceptable?
• What position can help prevent aspiration in TEF or esophageal atresia?
• For patients that weigh more than 30 kg, what Hz would you start at?
• In Down syndrome, which congenital heart defect is most common?
• What level of improvement in FEV1 would be expected after bronchodilator if the asthma is classified as moderate?
• How often is meconium present in births?
• Normal neonatal sodium range?
• Normal BP for a 3000g infant?
• Which chest tube placement is commonly used for pneumothorax management?
• Why is TGV so serious?
• In the MR. SOPA mnemonic, what does the letter S stand for?
• For an arterial line in a neonate weighing less than 1500 g, what catheter size is typically used?
• Which abnormalities are characterized by Pierre Robin syndrome?
• If PAP and PCWP is increased, and QT is decreased, what part of the heart has a problem?
• What is the major clinical presentation of coarctation of the aorta?
• Which value would be most directly affected by fluid administration in hypovolemia?
• What is the normal BP for a 1-year-old child? (rephrase)
• Which of the following is NOT a treatment for HLHS?
• What is the target SpO2 for HLHS?
• What is the compressible volume formula?
• A P/F ratio of 201-300 indicates which ARDS severity?
• Which of the following ranges represents the normal systolic BP for a 7-year-old?
• Which of the following is an effect of inhaled nitric oxide?
• Which opioid analgesic is commonly used for severe postoperative analgesia and may be given as alternative to morphine?
• Which of the following is a benzodiazepine commonly used for sedation?
• Which statement correctly describes right-to-left cardiac shunts?
• Which treatment combination is typically used for mild to moderate stridor in a pediatric patient?
• What does TEF or T-E fistula stand for?
• AVSD is notably associated with which chromosomal condition?
• What is the normal cardiac output (CO) value?
• Honeycomb pattern indicates ARDS?
• An S/A ratio greater than 55 mg/g indicates which of the following?
• Which type of Hb has higher affinity for oxygen?
• Which medication is commonly delivered via a SPAG device?
• Which side is most commonly affected in congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
• How can auto PEEP (air trapping) be identified on a ventilator waveform?
• Which of the following is NOT part of the Tetralogy of Fallot defects?
• What is the recommended Ti for children?
• Normal BP for a 2000g infant?
• Which pathophysiology describes ASD?
• Which heart defect is most common in individuals with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)?
• Normal systolic BP for a 7-year-old child?
• Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) most often occurs in babies delivered by which delivery method?
• A bicarbonate level of 18 mEq/L in a neonate indicates?
• Which of the following is NOT typically classified as an obstructive airway disease?
• Which delivery method is listed as a risk factor for IRDS?
• Which therapy is used to decrease pulmonary vascular resistance in PPHN?
• What range defines a high MAP?
• TTN is typically short-lasting. Which description best describes its duration?
• Which radiographic finding is characteristic of IRDS?
• What is the normal deadspace to tidal volume ratio (Vd/Vt)?
• Which statement is NOT a component of the Oxygen Index (OI) formula?
• AFI stands for?
• Potter's description of renal agenesis's impact on amniotic fluid?
• When initiating IRV, what I:E ratio should you start at?
• Pulsus paradoxus is most classically associated with which condition?
• What radiographic sign is associated with TAPVR?
• Which condition would require a lower altitude for flight transport?
• What depth in centimeters should the endotracheal tube be for a patient at 30–32 weeks gestation (approximately 1100–1400 g)?
• The rationale for heating to 41-44 degrees Celsius during TCM is to:
• Which is a normal neonatal CBC range?
• What is the target SpO2 for a newborn at 2 minutes of life?
• Which SALSA component assesses nighttime awakenings?
• What does HLHS stand for?
• Which modality is listed to support oxygenation in ARDS when conventional ventilation is insufficient?
• For patients that weigh less than 2000 g, what power would you start at?
• What is the normal fetal heart rate range?
• What is the target SpO2 for a newborn at 4 minutes of life?
• Which imaging pattern is associated with ARDS and used to describe a late-stage pattern?
• Which of the following is a listed cause of ARDS?
• Petechiae and purpura indicate?
• What is the formula for determining suction catheter size?
• Normal BP for a 7-year-old child? (systolic/diastolic)
• What is the normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) range?
• Which condition may result in a hypoplastic lung?
• What does the acronym RDI represent in respiratory assessment?
• Potter's sequence includes which findings?
• What is the treatment for moderate distress or stridor post extubation?
• Qs/Qt is used to describe which concept in gas exchange calculations?
• What is the normal pediatric sodium range?
• What is the formula for ET tube size?
• A normal SaO2/FiO2 ratio is greater than which value?
• Preductal coarctation is best described as narrowing proximal to the PDA.
• Which value represents the normal pediatric red blood cell (RBC) count?
• What is the normal neonatal hemoglobin (Hb) range?
• Which of the following is not part of the RACE acronym?
• What is the recommended RR for infants?
• Normal neonatal Hb range is 12.7-18.6 g/dL. Which option lists this range correctly?
• In TTN, when do symptoms typically develop after birth?
• Where is the needle placed when treating a pleural effusion?
• Which viruses are listed as causes of pediatric pneumonia?
• Treatment for blood type incompatibility is best managed with which intervention?
• What is the normal pediatric potassium range?
• Preductal coarctation is defined as narrowing of the aorta proximal (before) to the PDA. This causes blood from the pulmonary arteries to go into the aorta.
• The a/A ratio is defined as which of the following?
• TOF stands for?
• What is the recommended flow range for an oxygen hood?
• What is the treatment for severe post-extubation distress?
• RERA stands for?
• Normal L/S ratio?
• In a patient less than 12 yo, what RDI value would indicate a moderate disease?
• What is the correct formula for the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (A-a)?
• Name a few local anesthetic
• What is myelodysplasia?
• Describe esophageal atresia.
• What does the abbreviation OI stand for in neonatal respiratory care calculations?
• RERA stands for what phrase?
• What are ways we can protect a Pierre Robin patient's airway?
• Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for IRDS?
• Which variables are used in calculating the oxygen index (OI)?
• At what point would a chest tube be considered?
• Which value indicates a high MAP in neonatal ventilation?
• Which maneuver is recommended for a conscious child with severe airway obstruction?
• What is the combs test?
• Which value is within the normal pediatric chloride range?
• TEF is often associated with which congenital anomaly?
• Which of the following best describes the presentation of pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE)?
• Normal diastolic BP for a 7-year-old child?
• Which sweat test result indicates cystic fibrosis?
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is described as which of the following?
• AFP is used to screen for which fetal defect?
• A positive shake test yields which observation?
• What P/F ratio indicates ARDS?
• What are the three phases of mechanical ventilation?
• APR ventilation is indicated in which scenario?
• Which unit is used to express PEEP in ventilator settings?
• What AHI value would indicate severe disease?
• What is the recommended management for severe or marked stridor?
• Why is tube suction catheter size included in the calculation sheet?
• What is another name for cystic fibrosis?
• What does bubbling in the suction control bottle indicate during ECMO management?
• IMT stands for which type of training?
• In high-frequency ventilation terminology, 1 Hz corresponds to how many cycles per minute?
• What does ICSC stand for?
• Oligohydramnios indicates which diseases?
• Which drug is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker commonly used for rapid sequence intubation?
• In a methacholine challenge test, what percent decrease in FEV1 defines a positive result?
• Which syringe volume is used to calibrate a pulmonary function test (PFT) machine?
• What is the definitive treatment for AVSD?
• Which sweat test result would not indicate CF?
• Why is the temperature increased to 41-44 degrees on thermal therapy (TCM)?
• Which index is used to classify the severity of sleep-disordered breathing in children under 12?
• What is the formula for tubing compliance factor?
• What is the normal A-a DO2 on 100% oxygen?
• Which set of ventilator settings is an appropriate target for liberating a pediatric patient from mechanical ventilation?
• ASD stands for?
• Which of the following is a plausible consequence of bounding pulses?
• What is the alternative name for Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS)?
• What is the target SpO2 for a newborn at 5 minutes of life?
• What is the normal neonatal glucose range?
• Which statement describes the clinical presentation of IRDS after birth?
• If you are unable to calibrate a galvanic oxygen analyzer, what is the recommended action?
• What is an easy way to remember sedatives?
• Which opioid analgesic is among the most potent and commonly used for continuous IV analgesia in critical care?
• What is the acceptable range of suction for a neonate?
• In ventilator terminology, Ti is best described as
• What is the normal mean airway pressure (MAP) range?
• Which finding would you expect in left-to-right shunts?
• Which scenario indicates the need for reintubation after extubation?
• What is the treatment for mild distress or stridor post extubation?
• Which statement is true regarding apnea definitions in pediatrics?
• Which pressure parameter is most closely associated with left heart pressures?
• A AaDO2 ratio less than 0.21 is used as an indication for which therapy?
• Which therapy is used for moderate post-extubation distress but is not listed for mild distress?
• What is the normal range of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in blood?
• What is the normal A-a DO2 on room air (21%)?
• Which of the following features is NOT typically associated with DiGeorge syndrome?
• What does PASS stand for?
• Which statement best describes the reason succinylcholine is preferred for intubation?
• What does CASS stand for?
• What is a mature LBC?
• Which opioid analgesic is a traditional option for moderate to severe pain in critical care?
• Postductal coarctation is narrowing distal (after) the PDA.
• What is the correct heliox flow calculation formula given an indicated flow and factor?
• Which pressure parameter is most closely associated with left heart pressures?
• What is phosphatidylglycerol?
• Normal neonatal BUN range?
• PetCO2 is typically how many torr lower than arterial CO2 (blood gas) measurements?
• Which of the following is listed as a pharmacologic therapy for ARDS?
• Which white blood cell count is within the normal pediatric range?
• What does increased respiratory effort with wide pressure fluctuations indicate during ventilator support?
• Which statement about ventricular septal defect is true?
• If PaCO2 equals PECO2, what would the Vd/Vt value be?
• What is the acceptable range of suction for a pediatric patient?
• Truncus arteriosus is characterized by:
• Which statement describes the correct placement for draining pleural fluid via chest tube?
• Which range represents normal COHb levels?
• How do you treat severe large airway obstruction in an infant?
• What flow-volume loop would you see with a large airway obstruction?
• Normal neonatal potassium range?
• What is Glossoptosis?
• What is micrognathia?
• Which pair correctly identifies a type of compliance included in the calculations?
• Which of the following is an indication for inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy?
• What does BPD stand for in neonatal respiratory care?
• In a child, apnea is defined as a pause longer than how many seconds?
• Static compliance is defined as?
• The New Ballard Score is typically used to determine gestational age for which infants?
• Which SALSA category corresponds to the description: 'Symptoms everyday, moderate limitation with activities, SABA everyday, awakenings 3 days/month or more'?
• What is the normal Hz frequency range used in high-frequency ventilation for pediatric patients?
• Which virus is NOT listed as a cause of pediatric pneumonia in the source?
• Tetralogy of Fallot is classically associated with cyanosis in infancy and a boot-shaped heart on X-ray; which condition is this?
• Which statement best describes 'cool mist' in moderate post-extubation distress management?
• What is the normal central venous pressure (CVP) range?
• Postductal coarctation is located distal (after) the PDA.
• Which combination of findings is commonly part of Pierre Robin sequence?
• Which condition is an indication for high-frequency ventilation (HFV) in neonates?
• What is the normal mean arterial pressure (MAP) value listed?
• The Qs/Qt ratio helps evaluate which pulmonary phenomenon?
• The Qs/Qt ratio provides information about which component of pulmonary gas exchange?
• Which spirometry result best identifies restrictive lung disease?
• Which equation defines tidal volume in terms of flow and inspiratory time?
• Which condition among the following is listed as requiring a lower altitude during flight transport?
• Will a ventilation–perfusion (V/Q) mismatch respond to supplemental oxygen?
• Why is ASD vital to survival in TAPVR?
• In the MR. SOPA mnemonic, what does the letter O stand for?
• Exhaled nitric oxide testing is used to monitor response to which type of treatment?
• Which is the normal pediatric hemoglobin (Hb) range?
• Which statement is true regarding tidal volumes per kilogram in infants vs children?
• What anatomical abnormality does a tracheoesophageal fistula describe?
• AVSD is defined by absence of which structure?
• Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is also known as which of the following?
• What does the acronym FENO stand for?
• If CVP, PAP, PCWP, and QT are increased, what does that indicate?
• The infant car seat challenge lasts for how long?
• What does poor femoral pulses indicate?
• A normal MEP value is greater than what threshold?
• Which SALSA criteria indicate mild persistent asthma?
• Is Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Gram positive or Gram negative?
• Which statement correctly identifies the purpose of compressible volume in airway calculations?
• An Oxygen Index (OI) greater than 25 indicates the need for which therapy?
• Cardiac output is __________ cardiac index
• What AHI value would indicate a moderate disease?
• I:E ratio given Te and Ti is Te / Ti?
• How many equations are listed on the typical respiratory care reference sheet?
• A COHb result of 22% would indicate which condition?
• Which bacteria are listed as causes of pediatric pneumonia?
• Describe TGV?
• Vd/VT represents which of the following concepts?
• What is the preferred pressure of a cuffed endotracheal tube?
• A P/F ratio of 100-200 indicates which ARDS severity?
• A creatinine level of 0.9 mg/dL in a neonate indicates?
• Calculate I:E as?
• Coarctation of the aorta is best described as:
• If CVP is increased, what part of the heart has a problem?
• A stable fetal scalp pH is defined as which value?
• Which statement about PIE management is not supported by the source?
• Which condition is most commonly associated with polyhydramnios?
• In the MR. SOPA mnemonic, what does the letter P stand for?
• In the alveolar gas equation, what is the standard value used for the respiratory quotient (R) when dividing PaCO2?
• On a chest radiograph, the silhouette sign most commonly indicates involvement of which lung region?
• Which radiographic finding may be seen with meconium aspiration?
• Which value is within the normal pediatric hemoglobin (Hb) range?
• What does TGV stand for?
• What does pulsus paradoxus indicate?
• In preductal coarctation, which statement is true about shunting?
• In which heart condition is it important to measure blood pressure in all 4 extremities?
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia typically develops after treatment for which initial lung condition?
• How is PPHN treated to improve oxygenation and pulmonary blood flow?
• What is the normal neonatal white blood cell count range?
• Which statement best describes myelodysplasia?
• Which statement correctly identifies a normal neonatal laboratory value?
• In managing severe airway obstruction in an infant, how many back blows are given?
• A mature LBC value is approximately how many counts per microliter?
• What is the formula used to calculate cardiac index?
• The SPAG device is used to deliver ribavirin. Which option correctly identifies this?
• In the MR. SOPA mnemonic, what does the letter M stand for?
• Which statement best describes inspiratory time (Ti) in neonates and children?
• A potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L in a neonate indicates?
• Which statement best describes a chloride level of 120 mEq/L in a neonate?
• Which device is best for delivering oxygen to an infant in an isolette?
• Ground glass indicates ARDS?
• What does the 'P' in the DOPE mnemonic stand for?
• In large airway obstruction, which flow-volume loop pattern is most characteristic?
• HLHS management includes maintaining ductus arteriosus patency with which therapy?
• What is the normal pediatric glucose range?
• Elevated maternal AFP screening is most directly associated with which neonatal condition?
• Which of the following is NOT an ACT technique?
• If CVP, PAP, PCWP, and QT are decreased, what does that indicate?
• Why is succinylcholine preferred with intubation?
• What sweat test result supports a positive diagnosis of CF?
• Which set lists the four defects of Tetralogy of Fallot?
• What AHI would indicate a mild disease?
• The SPAG is used to deliver which medication?
• At what age do hemodynamic values become the same normal as adult values?
• Which nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker is commonly used for short to intermediate duration paralysis in pediatric patients?
• What is the S/A ratio?
• Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the Dubowitz score and the New Ballard Score?
• At what Oxygenation Index (OI) is inhaled nitric oxide indicated in PPHN?
• Which factor is a risk for IRDS?
• What does a positive shake test indicate?
• Which statement correctly describes what the alveolar gas equation estimates?
• Normal diastolic BP for a 1-year-old child?
• A COHb result greater than which percentage is commonly associated with carbon monoxide poisoning?
• Which intercostal spaces and relation to the rib are used for needle insertion in pleural effusion treatment?
• Ground-glass opacities on chest imaging are most associated with which condition?
• How far can a helicopter travel?
• Most emergencies are respiratory in origin due to which condition?
• A preoperative SpO2 target for stabilization in AVSD is which range?
• Exhaled nitric oxide testing is most useful for monitoring airway inflammation in which condition?
• To account for gas lost to the circuit’s compressibility, which factor is used in the compressible volume calculation?
• What is the recommended tidal volume for infants?
• In a patient less than 12 yo, what RDI value would indicate a severe disease?
• Which of the following statements about AFI values is true?
• In neonatal CPR, what is the recommended compression to ventilation ratio and approximate number of compressions and breaths in a standard cycle?
• What does LBC stand for?
• What is the target SpO2 for a newborn at 1 minute of life?
• What is often accompanied by TGV?
• What is the factor for 80/20 Heliox?
• Which radiographic finding is most characteristic of pulmonary interstitial emphysema?
• Which SALSA pattern indicates severe persistent asthma?
• What does CDH stand for?
• In IRV/APRV discussions, which PIP value is considered high?
• Which mnemonic is used to remember sedatives in the material?
• Which ECMO configuration supports the pulmonary and cardiac systems?
• Which of the following is a pharmacologic therapy listed for ARDS?
• Which statement about ECMO indications is NOT correct?
• What is the clinical presentation of TEF and esophageal atresia?