In ECMO, where is the arterial cannula typically placed?

In ECMO, where is the arterial cannula typically placed?

• A. Right subclavian artery
• B. Right common carotid artery and to the aortic arch
• C. Left common carotid artery
• D. Left femoral artery

Answer: (B)

The main idea is delivering oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation through the arterial system in VA-ECMO. Placing the arterial cannula in the right common carotid artery with the tip aimed toward the aortic arch ensures that oxygenated blood returns directly into the ascending aorta and flows out to the head, body, and heart. This central route optimizes overall organ perfusion in neonates and is technically straightforward through the right neck, making it the typical choice. Alternative sites exist, but they’re used less often in neonates due to access challenges, vessel size, or increased risk of complications such as cerebral injury or limb ischemia.

The main idea is delivering oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation through the arterial system in VA-ECMO. Placing the arterial cannula in the right common carotid artery with the tip aimed toward the aortic arch ensures that oxygenated blood returns directly into the ascending aorta and flows out to the head, body, and heart. This central route optimizes overall organ perfusion in neonates and is technically straightforward through the right neck, making it the typical choice. Alternative sites exist, but they’re used less often in neonates due to access challenges, vessel size, or increased risk of complications such as cerebral injury or limb ischemia.